In the computer, all data are represented as binary digits (bits), and eight binary digits make up one byte. For example, the upper case letter A is 0101001. Numbers however can take several forms.

Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, the great mathematician and pioneer of computer science and binary number calculations. © University of Massachusetts Lowell Binary ...

In the late 1930s, Claude Shannon showed that by using switches that close for "true" and open for "false," it was possible to carry out logical operations by assigning the number 1 to "true" and 0 ...