And while building concrete steps is more complicated than ... Add a 2×4 (sometimes called a strongback) to the front of each step’s form boards. This will keep the pressure of the concrete ...

Concrete is the world's most widely used building material—but the production of cement, its key component, generates significant carbon dioxide emissions. New research at Umeå University shows how ...

Concrete structures in Japan capture and store about 14% of the CO2 emissions released during cement production, according to ...