Cosmic rays are primarily composed of protons, but also of helium, carbon, oxygen, and iron nuclei. © Chinese Academy of ...

A century after their discovery, cosmic rays—particles of extreme energy originating from the far reaches of the ...

IN the course of an examination of the properties of the electron discharge in an atmosphere of helium we have made some observations of the conditions affecting the excitation of the lines of the ...

The latest observations from Low Earth Orbit with the International Space Station provide further evidence of spectral hardening and softening of cosmic ray particles. The CALorimetric Electron ...

Possible evidence of the universe's first stars has been discovered thanks to the detection of an extreme helium signal.

IN the Chemical News for March 29 last (vol. Ixxi. p. 151), I published the results of measurements of the wave-lengths of the more prominent lines seen in the spectrum of the gas from clèveite, now ...

Much of our understanding of the Universe and its mysterious phenomena is based on theoretical interpretations. In order to deepen the understanding of distant objects and energetic phenomena, ...