Microbes - alive and thriving -- have been found sealed within a fracture of 2-billion-year-old rock beneath Earth's surface.

ISLA: Traprain Law is an unusual igneous intrusion called a laccolith. Igneous intrusions form when molten rock, or magma, from deep underground pushes up towards the Earth’s surface but cools ...

X” really does mark a spot in Sybille Canyon along Wyoming Highway 34, but it doesn’t mark the site of buried treasure. It’s ...

The Yellowstone region's Beartooth Mountains feature some of the most ancient rocks in North America — as old as 3.96 billion ...

Theoretical modeling provides additional valuable constraints on the interpretation of igneous rocks. Petrographic study coupled with laboratory analysis provides the data necessary to estimate the ...

The origin and evolution of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Emphasis will be on physical and chemical processes, magma transport and crystallization, phase equilibria, development of metamorphic facies ...

Volcanic rock is formed when lava or magma cools down and becomes a solid. We call this type of rock igneous rock. Here are three different types of igneous rock from the Museum’s collection.

The magma cooled and hardened ... but the harder volcanic (igneous) rock remains, forming Bear Butte. Bear Butte rises 1,253 feet about the surrounding plain. It is 4,426 feet above sea level.

Primary minerals form at elevated temperatures from cooling magma during the original solidification of rock or during metamorphism, and they are usually derived from igneous and metamorphic rocks ...

Scientists with NASA's Perseverance rover are exploring what they consider a veritable Martian cornucopia full of intriguing rocky outcrops on the rim of Jezero Crater. Studying rocks, boulders, and ...