Every action in physics is governed by some kind of push or pull. As far as we know, these all fall into one of just four ...

Scientists have found an intriguing discrepancy in the way electrons behave in different calcium atoms. The difference ...

But in August 2023, a new discovery called the strong force into question. By smashing an isotope of oxygen with a beam of fluorine atoms, physicists have finally created oxygen-28 — a rare form ...

Unlike atoms’ electrons, atomic nuclei are subject to the strong nuclear force, ... measured the energy of light emitted when thorium-229 atoms jumped between energy levels.

As well as its huge influence in keeping the nucleus together, the strong nuclear force also has an interesting effect on the mass of atoms. The nucleons that make up the atom decrease in energy ...

Nuclear fusion and plasma physics research are carried out in more than 50 countries, and recently researchers have finally achieved scientific energy gain in a fusion experiment for the first ...

Gluons are the mediators of the strong nuclear force, one of the four fundamental forces in the universe – as the name suggests, gluons make quarks stick together. There are six types of quarks.

By nudging a thorium-229 nucleus into a higher energy state, physicists have made it possible to develop a nuclear clock that could probe the most fundamental forces in physics. However, there is ...

Fusion is among the most environmentally friendly sources of energy. There are no CO2 or other harmful atmospheric emissions from the fusion process, which means that fusion does not contribute to ...

Nuclear forces can be compared to a game of catch. With the two-nucleon force, two players, or nucleons, ... All matter is made of atoms, the building blocks of the universe.