For decades, scientists have been using the probability value, commonly known as p-value, to test the significance of their findings. The p-value falls from 0 to 1, and the lower the number, the ...

If you cast a wide enough net, you’ll find what looks like a prize-winning fish. But you’ll also catch a lot of seaweed, plastic debris, and maybe even a dolphin you didn’t mean to bring in. Such is ...

The pursuit of science is designed to search for significance in a maze of data. At least, that’s how it’s supposed to work. To support or refute a hypothesis, the goal is to establish statistical ...

Imagine, if you dare, a world without P values. Perhaps you’re already among the lucky participants in the human race who don’t know what a P value is. Trust me, you don’t want to. P stands for ...

Background: An understanding of p-values and confidence intervals is necessary for the evaluation of scientific articles. This article will inform the reader of the meaning and interpretation of these ...

Your editorial “The FDA Returns to Its Bad Habits” (Feb. 21) explains, “Reata’s p-value was 0.014, which means there was a 1.4% chance that its positive result was a fluke.” A related, true statement ...