Plant cells without walls, known as protoplasts, are very fragile, and it has been difficult to keep them alive under a microscope for the several hours needed for them to build walls. Plant cells are ...

The diagram below shows the same plant cell, as viewed with the light microscope, and with the transmission electron microscope. Animal and plant cells have certain structures in common.

The thylakoids contain the light-harvesting complex, including pigments such as chlorophyll, as well as the electron transport chains used in photosynthesis (Figure 2). Plant cell walls are ...