All told, the Senate bill includes $4.5 trillion in tax cuts, according to the latest CBO analysis, making permanent Trump’s 2017 rates, which would expire at the end of the year if Congress fails to act, while adding the new ones he campaigned on, including no taxes on tips.

After a late shift by Senator Lisa Murkowski to yes, the legislation now returns to the House, where its passage remains far from certain.

Vice President JD Vance cast the tie-breaking vote in the evenly split 50-50 chamber, securing the bill's Senate passage.