When a piece of hardware – like a screw – needs to be inserted into a patient’s spine, it’s important that it is placed in ...

The convergent inputs to the central projection of the trigeminovascular system, the trigeminal nucleus caudalis and the C1 and C2 regions of the spinal cord, collectively known as the ...

Cervical postural syndrome, characterized by poor neck posture, can cause neck strain due to prolonged strain on neck muscles and tissues. This can lead to pain, stiffness, and a tired feeling in the ...

Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukubashi Ibaraki, 305 Japan, Japan ...

Low back and thigh pain can affect one or both sides. It may stop above the knee or go all the way to your foot. The lumbar spine, also known as the low back, is composed of five bones called ...