A design for an instrumentation amplifier with digitally programmable gain and common-mode rejection (CMR) trim is presented. A standard multiplying D/A converter (DAC) is used as the differential ...

A wide-band and finely gain-flattened hybrid fiber amplifier is realized. The seamless 3.0-, 1.3-, and 1.0-dB bandwidths of 80, 76, and 69 nm with relative gain-flatness of 11.3%, 4.7%, and 3.7%, ...

So, the open-loop amplifier and the relevant gain equation (Equation 1) — called the transfer function — is shown in Figure 7. The transfer function is simply another way to describe the relationship ...

While an amplifier provides gain, boosts the signal, an attenuator provides loss, reduces the signal. Attenuators are always a compromise and should only be used if absolutely necessary.

Intermediate frequency amplifier consists of 3-stage amplifier with tunable gain, AGC system, linear output buffer for differential analog output, analog-digital converter for 1.5-bit digital output.