Unlike Pearl Harbor, the American Naval and Army leadership in the Philippines had intelligence that the Japanese had attacked Hawaii. The Philippines received the intel at 3 a.m. on December 8, 1941.

In 1914, the Imperial Army adopted a modified version of the Hotchkiss heavy machine gun. The gun was designated the Type 3, so-called because it was adopted during the third year of the reign of ...

Beriberi was endemic in the Imperial Japanese Navy. Between 1878 and 1883, the disease incapacitated a third of sailors , on average. Beriberi cases made up almost half of all recorded injuries ...

On April 9, 1942, 75,000 American and Filipino soldiers who surrendered to the Imperial Japanese Army in the Philippines were forced to march more than 60 miles in the extreme heat of the Philippines.