Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is caused by the HIV virus, which can be transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion, and, in young children, is typically …

HIV is spread most commonly by sexual contact with an infected partner. The virus enters the body through the lining of the vagina, vulva, penis, rectum, or mouth during sexual activity. HIV …

Feb 5, 2024 · HIV can pass from a mother with HIV to their child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, called perinatal transmission of HIV. In the United States, this is the most …

Nov 8, 2019 · HIV in children can occur through vertical transmission (during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding) or horizontal transmission (contact with infected bodily fluids). …

Oct 29, 2021 · The source of HIV transmission in children is usually the parent who has birthed them. Exposure to the virus may occur in the womb, during childbirth, or when breastfeeding.

Jun 3, 2025 · HIV is spread person to person through blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk from a person who is living with HIV. The most common way HIV spreads from one …

Feb 24, 2025 · Perinatal transmission of infection by the mother accounts for 80% of pediatric HIV disease cases in the United States. Perinatal transmission can occur in utero, during the …

Feb 3, 2025 · Making a diagnosis of HIV in a newborn is confounded by the transfer of maternal anti-HIV antibodies to the baby. Interpretation of CD4 cell count values in children requires …

Infants and young children with HIV are particularly vulnerable, with most not surviving to the age of five without treatment.

Nov 11, 2024 · The epidemiology, case definition, and classification of pediatric HIV infection, clinical manifestations of some of the AIDS-defining conditions (table 1), and outcomes of HIV …