Tube bending basics: How to bend tubing and metal pipe - The …
Feb 24, 2014 · The pressure die (also called a pressure slide) supports the outside radius during bending. The pressure die can be stationary; it can follow the workpiece, sliding on rollers at the same rate the workpiece is being drawn into the bend; or it can be “boosted,” pushed with hydraulics or (more common today) electrical servomotors, further minimizing wall thinning.
The Fabricator - Metal Fabricating News, Products, Articles, and …
Jan 8, 2025 · The Fabricator provides metal fabrication professionals with market news, the industry's best articles, product news, and conference information from the Fabricators and Manufacturers Association
Sheet metal bending calculation basics - The Fabricator
Nov 9, 2012 · The second flat-blank-development example adds the two dimensions (from edge to the apex), and subtracts a bend deduction. In this case, the calculations use a complementary angle for the OSSB, and the dimensions are called from the edge to the apex—again, as specified in Figure 4.. Outside Setback (OSSB)
Metal Grades: Designations for grading sheet metals - The Fabricator
Sep 12, 2016 · Martensitic stainless steels (also part of the 4XX series) have more carbon than the ferritic grades. They are capable of being heat-treated to a variety of useful hardness and strength levels. However, they are not as corrosion-resistant as austenitic or ferritic grades.
Bending Basics: The hows and whys of springback and springforward
Jul 9, 2014 · Figure 3 Coining, bottom bending, and air forming affect stressstrain properties differently. The curved line in the air forming zone shows how springback changes at different bend angles. In bottoming and coining, bending methods that usually produce 90-degree bend angles, the line curves to the right of the vertical axis, showing how the metal springs forward to conform to the die angle.
Die basics 101 starts with eight basic components - The Fabricator
Aug 8, 2006 · A stamping die is a special, one-of-a-kind precision tool that cuts and forms sheet metal into a desired shape or profile. Most dies are constructed of several basic components, including die plates, shoes, die sets, guide pins, bushings, heel blocks, heel plates, screws, dowels, and keys. Dies also need stripper, pressure, and drawing pads, as well as the devices used to secure them—spools ...
Analyzing the k-factor in sheet metal bending - The Fabricator
Sep 12, 2018 · “However, the neutral axis does move toward the inside surface by a percentage, that percentage being the k-factor. This relocating or shifting of the neutral axis—from 50 percent of the material thickness to a new location equal to or less than 50 percent of the material thickness—is the reason why the part elongates during forming.
Bending Basics: The fundamentals of how to bend metal
Jan 2, 2014 · While sheet metal gauges run from 0.005 to 0.249 inch thick, aluminum and steel plate thicknesses start at 0.250 in. and go all the way up to 13 in. or even more.
A guide to shielding gases for GMAW - The Fabricator
Jul 24, 2019 · Beyond quality issues, poor shielding gas performance can also drive up costs in the operation. A flow rate that is too high, for example, means you are wasting gas and spending more money on shielding gas than you need to.
K-factors, Y-factors, and press brake bending precision - The …
Mar 7, 2018 · Calculating K-factors. The K-factor is defined mathematically as t/Mt, where t is the neutral axis location and Mt is the material thickness. Because of the specific properties of any given metal, there is no easy way to calculate that value perfectly, hence the chart in Figure 2.